city-bank

city-bank


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Citibank, N.A. Citibank.svg
Type Subsidiary (of Citigroup)
Founded 1812
Headquarters New York City
Key people

Vikram Pandit – CEO;
John Gerspach – CFO;city-bank

Citibank, a major international bank, is the consumer banking arm of financial services giant Citigroup. Citibank was founded in 1812 as the City Bank of New York, later First National City Bank of New York. As of March 2010, Citigroup is the third largest bank holding company in the United States by total assets, after Bank of America and JP Morgan Chase.[1]

Citibank has retail banking operations in more than 100 countries and territories around the world. More than half of its 1,400 offices are in the United States, mostly in New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, the San Francisco Bay Area, Washington, D.C. and Miami. More recently, Citibank has expanded its operations in the Boston, Philadelphia, Houston, and Dallas metropolitan areas.city-bank

In addition to the standard banking transactions, Citibank offers insurance, credit cards and investment products. Their online services division is among the most successful in the field,[citation needed] claiming about 15 million users.

As a result of the global financial crisis of 2008–2009 and huge losses in the value of its subprime mortgage assets, Citibank was rescued by the U.S. government under plans agreed for Citigroup. On November 23, 2008, in addition to initial aid of $25 billion, a further $25 billion was invested in the corporation together with guarantees for risky assets amounting to $306 billion.[2] Since this time, Citibank has repaid its government loans in full. [3]city-bank
Contents city-bank
[hide]

1 History
1.1 Early history
2 Citibank
2.1 Automated banking card
2.2 Credit card business
2.3 Automatic teller machines
2.4 Nationwide expansion
2.5 Citi Field
2.6 Recent losses and cost cutting measures city-bank
3 Historical data
4 Subsidiaries
4.1 Joint ventures
5 International subsidiaries
6 Contingency
7 Sponsorship
8 America
9 Key people
10 Cultural references
11 See also
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links

[edit] History
Manhattan Chinatown Citibank branch (New York City)city-bank
[edit] Early history

Founded in 1812 as the City Bank of New York, ownership and management of the bank was taken over by Moses Taylor, a protégé of John Jacob Astor and one of the giants of the business world in the 19th century. During Taylor's ascendancy, the bank functioned largely as a treasury and finance center for Taylor's own extensive business empire.[citation needed] The first president of City Bank was Col. Samuel Osgood, born in North Andover, MA.city-bank

In 1863, the bank joined the U.S.'s new national banking system and became The National City Bank of New York. By 1868, it was considered one of the largest banks in the United States, and in 1897, it became the first major U.S. bank to establish a foreign department.city-bank

National City became the first U.S. national bank to open an overseas banking office when its branch in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was opened in 1914. Many of Citi's present international offices are older; offices in London, Shanghai, Calcutta, and elsewhere were opened in 1901 and 1902 by the International Banking Corporation (IBC), a company chartered to conduct banking business outside the U.S., at that time an activity forbidden to U.S. national banks. In 1918, IBC became a wholly owned subsidiary and was subsequently merged into the bank. By 1919, the bank had become the first U.S. bank to have US$1 billion in assets.[citation needed]
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Charles E. Mitchell was elected president in 1921 and in 1929 was made chairman, a position he held until 1933. Under Mitchell the bank expanded rapidly and by 1930 had 100 branches in 23 countries outside the United States. The policies pursued by the bank under Mitchell's leadership are seen by historical economists as one of the prime causes of the stock market crash of 1929, which led ultimately to the Great Depression.[citation needed] In 1933 a Senate committee, the Pecora Commission, investigated Mitchell for his part in tens of millions dollars in losses, excessive pay, and tax avoidance. Senator Carter Glass said of him: "Mitchell more than any 50 men is responsible for this stock crash."[4]

On December 24, 1927, its headquarters in Buenos Aires, Argentina, were blown up by the Italian anarchist Severino Di Giovanni, in the frame of the international campaign supporting Sacco and Vanzetti.[citation needed]city-bank

In 1952, James Stillman Rockefeller was elected president and then chairman in 1959, serving until 1967. Stillman was a direct descendant of the Rockefeller family through the William Rockefeller (the brother of John D.) branch. In 1960, his second cousin, David Rockefeller, became president of Chase Manhattan Bank, National City's long-time New York rival for dominance in the banking industry in America.[citation needed]city-bank
[edit] Citibank
Citibank footprint

Following its merger with the First National Bank, the bank changed its name to The First National City Bank of New York in 1955, then shortened it to First National City Bank in 1962.city-bank

The company organically entered the leasing and credit card sectors, and its introduction of US$ certificates of deposit in London marked the first new negotiable instrument in market since 1888. Later to become part of MasterCard, the bank introduced its First National City Charge Service credit card – popularly known as the "Everything Card" – in 1967.[5]city-bank

In 1976, under the leadership of CEO Walter B. Wriston, First National City Bank (and its holding company First National City Corporation) was renamed Citibank, N.A. (and Citicorp, respectively). By that time, the bank had created its own "one-bank holding company" and had become a wholly owned subsidiary of that company, Citicorp (all shareholders of the bank had become shareholders of the new corporation, which became the bank's sole owner).city-bank

The name change also helped to avoid confusion in Ohio with Cleveland-based National City Bank, though the two would never have any significant overlapping areas except for Citi credit cards being issued in the latter National City territory. (In addition, at the time of the name change to Citicorp, National City of Ohio was mostly a Cleveland-area bank and had not gone on its acquisition spree that it would later go on in the 1990s and 2000s.) Any possible name confusion had Citi not changed its name from National City eventually became completely moot when PNC Financial Services acquired the National City of Ohio in 2008 as a result of the subprime mortgage crisis.city-bank
[edit] Automated banking card

Shortly afterward, the bank launched the Citicard, which allowed customers to perform all transactions without a passbook. Branches also had terminals with simple one-line displays that allowed customers to get basic account information without a bank teller. When automatic teller machines were later introduced, customers could use their existing Citicard.city-bank
[edit] Credit card business

In the 1960s the bank entered into the credit card business. In 1965, First National City Bank bought Carte Blanche from Hilton Hotels. However after three years, the bank (under pressure from the U.S. government) was forced to sell this division. By 1968, the company created its own credit card. The card, known as "The Everything Card", was promoted as a kind of East Coast version of the BankAmericard. By 1969, First National City Bank decided that the Everything Card was too costly to promote as an independent brand and joined Master Charge (now MasterCard). Citibank unsuccessfully tried again in 1977–1987 to create a separate credit card brand, the Choice Card.city-bank

John S. Reed was selected CEO in 1984, and Citi became a founding member of the CHAPS clearing house in London. Under his leadership, the next 14 years would see Citibank become the largest bank in the United States, the largest issuer of credit cards and charge cards in the world, and expand its global reach to over 90 countries.[5]city-bank

As the bank's expansion continued, the Narre Warren-Caroline Springs credit card company was purchased in 1981. In 1981, Citibank chartered a South Dakota subsidiary to take advantage of new laws that raised the state's maximum permissible interest rate on loans to 25 percent (then the highest in the nation). In many other states, usury laws prevented banks from charging interest that aligned with the extremely high costs of lending money in the late 1970s and early 1980s, making consumer lending unprofitable. Currently, there is no maximum interest rate or usury restriction under South Dakota law when a written agreement is formed.[6]
[edit] Automatic teller machines

Citibank was one of the first U.S. banks to introduce automatic teller machines in the 1970s, in order to give 24-hour access to accounts. Customers could use their existing Citicard in this machine to withdraw cash and make deposits, and were already accustomed to using a machine with a card to get information that previously required a teller.[clarification needed]city-bank

In April 2006, Citibank struck a deal with 7-Eleven to put its automated teller machine (ATMs) in more than 5,500 convenience stores in the United States. In the same month, it also announced it would sell all of its Buffalo and Rochester, New York, branches and accounts to M&T Bank.city-bank
[edit] Nationwide expansion
20070509 Citibank.JPG

Citibank's major presence in California is fairly recent. The bank had only a handful of branches in that state before acquiring the assets of California Federal Bank in 2002 with Citicorp's purchase of Golden State Bancorp which had earlier merged with First Nationwide Mortgage Corp.

In 2001, Citibank settled a $45 million class action lawsuit for improperly assessing late fees. Following this Citibank lobbied the United States Congress to pass legislation that would limit class action lawsuits to $5 million unless they were initiated on a federal level. Some consumer advocate websites report that Citibank is still improperly assessing late fees.

In August 2004, Citibank entered the Texas market with the purchase of First American Bank of Bryan, Texas. The deal established Citi's retail banking presence in Texas, giving Citibank over 100 branches, $3.5 billion in assets and approximately 120,000 new customers in the state. First American Bank was renamed Citibank Texas after the take-over was completed on March 31, 2005.

In 2008, Citibank was crowned Deal of the Year – Securitisation Deal of the Year at the 2008 ALB Japan Law Awards.[7]
[edit] Citi Field

It was announced on November 13, 2006, that Citibank would be the corporate sponsor of the new stadium for the New York Mets. The stadium, Citi Field, opened in 2009.
[edit] Recent losses and cost cutting measures

Citi reported losing $8–11 billion several days after Merrill Lynch announced that it too had been losing billions from the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States.city-bank

On April 11, 2007, the parent Citi announced staff cuts and relocations.[8]

On November 4, 2007, Charles Prince quit as the chairman and chief executive of Citigroup, following crisis meetings with the board in New York in the wake of billions of dollars in losses related to subprime lending.

Former United States Secretary of the Treasury Robert Rubin has been asked to replace ex-CEO Charles Prince to manage the losses Citi has amassed over the years of being over-exposed to subprime lending during the 2002–2007 surge in the real estate industry.
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In August 2008, after a three-year investigation by California's Attorney General Citibank was ordered to repay the $14 million (close to $18 million including interest and penalties) that was removed from 53,000 customers accounts over an 11-year period from 1992 to 2003. The money was taken under a computerized "account sweeping program" where any positive balances from over-payments or double payments were removed without notice to the customers.[9]

On November 23, 2008, Citigroup was forced to seek federal financing to avoid a collapse, in a way similar to its colleagues Bear Stearns and AIG. The U.S. government provided $25 billion and guarantees to risky assets to Citigroup in exchange for stock. This was the latest bailout in a string of bailouts that began with Bear Stearns and peaked with the collapse of the GSE's, Lehman, AIG and the start of TARP.

On January 16, 2009, Citigroup announced that it was splitting into two companies. Citicorp will continue with the traditional banking business while Citi Holdings Inc. will own the more risky investments, some of which will be sold to strengthen the balance sheet of the core business, Citicorp. The idea behind splitting into two companies is so Citigroup can dump "the dead weight" on Citi Holdings, allowing the prime assets of Citicorp to operate away from that of the toxic assets.[10]
[edit] Historical data

Asset & Liability

Asset/Liability Ratio

Net Income

[11]

CitiBank was the third-largest bank at the end of 2008 as an individual bank.[citation needed]
[edit] Subsidiaries
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007)

According to the Citigroup website, until October 2006, Citibank ran the following subsidiaries:

Citibank, N.A.(National Association) – The "original" Citibank, primarily doing business in New York State and the tri-state New York metropolitan area. Also the parent company of the other subsidiaries.[12]
Citibank Canada – banking service was pulled out on July 2010, leaving only with credit card service.[13]
Citibank Texas, N.A. – The former First American bank.[12]
Citibank (West), F.S.B. – The former Citicorp Savings (a savings and loan operating in California), as well as the former California Federal Bank and Golden State Bank.[12]
Citibank, F.S.B. – The primary Citibank subsidiary serving all other states, based in Chicago.[12]
Citibank Banamex USA – Formally California Commerce Bank, Banamex's U.S. banking division.
Citibank (South Dakota), N.A. – A credit card and lending-only bank based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, including the former Associates National Bank.
Universal Financial Corp. – A credit card bank, purchased in 1997, that manages the AT&T Universal Card.

On October 1, 2006, a massive re-organization designed to streamline the various Citibank banking charters occurred. Citibank, N.A. absorbed the following divisions, with its headquarters for FDIC purposes being its Paradise Road Las Vegas, Nevada branch.city-bank

Citibank, FSB
Citibank (West), FSB
Citibank, Texas, N.A.
Citibank Delaware
Citibank Banamex USA
Citicorp Trust, N.A. (California)

The following divisions were consolidated into Citibank (South Dakota), N.A., with its headquarters for FDIC purposes being in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.city-bank

Citibank, Nevada, N.A.
Citibank USA, N.A.
Universal Financial Corp.
Citibank South Dakota, FSB[dubious – discuss]

On March 29, 2011, Citibank, N.A. and Citibank (South Dakota), N.A. announced their intentions to further consolidate their banking charters by announcing a merger[14] which was finalized on July 1, 2011.[15] The surviving FDIC charter was that of Citibank, N.A. which, as part of the merger, moved its headquarters to that of Citibank (South Dakota), N.A.'s in Sioux Falls.city-bank

In 2005, Macy's, Inc. under its former corporate name Federated Department Stores, sold its consumer credit portfolio to Citigroup, reissuing its cards under the Federated-Citigroup Alliance name Department Stores National Bank (DSNB) and allowing Federated to continue servicing the credit accounts from its Financial, Administrative and Credit Services Group (FACS Group Inc.). The cards involved are Macy's and Bloomingdale's.city-bank

Citibank's private-label credit card division, Citi Commerce Solutions, issues store-issued credit card for such companies as: Sears, ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, The Home Depot, Staples, Shell Oil, and others.city-bank

The German branch, the Citibank Privatkunden AG & Co. KGaA was sold in July 2008 to the French Crédit Mutuel Group. On February 22, 2010 it was renamed to Targobank.

Ownership Of Citibank
[citation needed]

0.0 % – United States Government
11.1 % – Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC)
6.0 % – Kuwait Investment Authority
4.9 % – Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA)city-bank
4.3 % – Kingdom Holding Company /Saudi Arabia

[edit] Joint ventures

Mobile Money Ventures, a joint venture with SK Telecom

[edit] International subsidiaries

Algeria Citibank Algeria
Argentina Citibank Argentina
Australia Citibank Australia
Bolivia Citibank Bolivia
Bangladesh Citibank Bangladesh
Brazil Citibank Brazil
People's Republic of China Citibank (China)city-bank
Colombia Citibank (Colombia)
Egypt Citibank (Egypt)city-bank
Greece Citibank (Greece)
Hong Kong Citibank (Hong Kong)city-bank
Hungary Citibank Hungary
India Citibank India
Indonesia Citibank Indonesia
JapanCitibank Japan
Malaysia Citibank Malaysia
Pakistan Citibank Pakistan
Peru Citibank Peru
Philippines Citibank Philippines
Poland Citi Handlowy
Romania Citibank Romania
Russia Citibank Russia
Singapore Citibank International Personal Bank Singapore/Citibank IPB Singapore
Singapore Citibank Singapore
Singapore Citibusiness Singapore
Slovakia Citibank Slovakia
South Korea Citibank Korea
Republic of China Citibank Taiwan
Thailand Citibank Thailand
Trinidad and Tobago Citibank Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia Citibank Tunisia
Ukraine Citibank Ukraine
Venezuela Citibank Venezuela
Vietnam Citibank Vietnam

[edit] Contingency

The family's lawyer said the suit was filed against Citibank headquarters in New York and the bank's subsididary Citibank Indonesia concerning the death of a family member while meeting with debt collectors in Citibank, Jakarta Office. The lawsuit claimed for Rp.3 trillion (USD$345 million) for damages. Citibank was in violation of a US regulation, the Fair Debt Collecting Practised Act, as well as the Indonesian 2008 Banking Law, which both bans the use of violence in debt collection practices.[16]
[edit] Sponsorship

Citibank sponsors the Greek football club Olympiacos F.C. as well as Citi Field in New York.

Citibank became a major sponsor of the Sydney Swans in 2005, who play in the AFL, Australia's most popular football code.city-bank
[edit] America

Citibank Argentina
Citibank Brasil
Citibank Chile (Bought out by Banco de Chile)
Citibank Colombia, Cititrust, Citivalores
Citibank Guatemala
Banamex Mexico (which owns the California Bank of Commerce)
Citibank Peru
Citibank El Salvador Banco Uno
Citibank Venezuela
Citibank Ecuador
Citibank Costa Rica
Citibank Panama Banco Uno
Citibank Nicaragua Banco Uno
Citibank Uruguay
Citibank Banco de Cuscatlan

[edit] Key people

Vikram Pandit – CEO, Citigroup
Richard Parsons – Chairman, Citigroup

[edit] Cultural references

Referred to in Rock band Cake's "Short Skirt/Long Jacket" song on the album Comfort Eagle, "... at Citibank we will meet accidentally..."city-bank

[edit] See also

Citibank Building
Citigold
Vladimir Levin, the pseudonym of the mastermind of a group of hackers that stole $10 million from Citibank
Sanford I. Weill

[edit] References

^ Top 50 bank holding companies Summary Page
^ "Government unveils bold plan to rescue Citigroup". November 24, 2008. city-bank Retrieved November 24, 2008.[dead link]
^ Barr, Colin (March 30, 2010). "Citi repaid its Troubled Asset Relief Program loans in December 2010". CNN. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
^ Damnation of Mitchell Time Magazine 1929.
^ a b "About Citi – Citibank, N.A.". Citigroup. Archived from the original on April 16, 2007. Retrieved May 12, 2007.city-bank
^ [1], South Dakota Statutes.
^ www.legalbusinessonline.com.au
^ Citigroup job cuts could cut crucial revenue, too – Apr. 11, 2007
^ Egelco, Bob. "Citibank settles with state, to repay millions" San Francisco Chronicle. August 27, 2008. Retrieved on November 23, 2008.city-bank
^ "Citi to Reorganize into Two Operating Units to Maximize Value of Core Franchise". Press Release. Citibank. January 16, 2009. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
^ "Money Economics Top 10 Banks Project".
^ a b c d "Home Savings of America". Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. September 16, 2010. Retrieved September 20, 2010.city-bank
^ "Homepage". Citibank. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
^ . http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/839947/000083994711000018/0000839947-11-000018-index.htm. Retrieved July 4, 2011.city-bank
^ . http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/839947/000152261611000002/cbsd-8k.htm. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^ http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/04/14/family-seeks-rp-3-trillion-city-bank damages-citibank.html

[edit] Further reading

Wriston: Walter Wriston, Citibank, and the Rise and Fall of American Financial Supremacy. Phillip L. Zweig, New York: Crown, 1996.
Citibank, 1812–1970. Harold van B. Cleveland & Thomas F. Huertas (Harvard Business History Studies), Boston: Harvard University Press, 1985.city-bank

[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Citibank

The truth about citibank
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Citibank official web sitecity-bank
Citigroup official web site

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